DANIEL’S PROPHECY OF THE CHURCH

 

The prophecy of Daniel has been the object of radical criticism for many years. In my judgment, the reason for that criticism is very simple. The book of Daniel records some spectacular prophecies. If those prophecies were made by a sixth-­century B. C. prophet, liberal theologians and academicians have some real problems. They would have to acknowledge the supernatural inspiration of scripture and the actuality of miracles. Since most of them are unwilling to do that, they deny that the Daniel of the Babylonian exile wrote the book ascribed to him. Is it significant that Jesus Christ called Daniel a prophet (Mt. 24: I5)? Is it possible Jesus knew more about Daniel than liberal theologians like John Shelby Spong?

 

Dr. Robert Dick Wilson was for many years William Henry Green Professor of Semitic Languages and Old Testament Criticism at Princeton Theological Seminary. There is hardly any doubt that Dr. Wilson was one the greatest linguists in the history of the world. He knew forty-five languages, including all of the languages associated with the Bible. Dr. Wilson wrote two volumes entitled Studies in the Book of Daniel (Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1972, a Reprint from 1917). He quotes Dean Farrar of the Church of England as expressing doubt of the very existence of Daniel since Daniel's name is not mentioned on the monuments of the time. Dr. Wilson comments: "Dean Farrar...is but a blind leader of the blind when he attempts to speak upon such complicated matters as those which are involved in an introduction to the book of Daniel, without having first mastered the languages and the literature of Babylon and Persia" (volume 1, pp. 4-5 of the Introduction). The critics have never answered the scholarly writings of Robert Dick Wilson.

 

My concern in this brief study is not to defend the authorship of Daniel or its place in the inspired canon. I ask you to study with me "Daniel's Prophecy of the Church." But did Daniel really prophesy about the church or was he prophesying about the kingdom? According to some dispensational premillennialists, the church is an afterthought, a contingency plan. I must say up front as kindly but as emphatically as I know how: If the kingdom Daniel prophesied is not the church of the living God, we have some really serious problems with the book of Daniel. When Moses announced the prophetic office, he knew the Israelites would ask: "How shall we know the word that the Lord has not spoken?" Please listen to the answer. "When a prophet speaks in the name of the Lord, if the thing follow not, nor come to pass, that is the thing that the Lord has not spoken, but the prophet has spoken it presumptuously: you shall not afraid of him" (Dt. 18:21-22). If the kingdom Daniel had in mind was not established when he said it would be, he was a false prophet.

 

Nebuchadnezzar and the mighty Babylonian army conquered the nation of Israel. They carried thousands and thousands of the Israelites, including Daniel, into Babylon. Nebuchadnezzar had an unusual dream. He asked his psychics, soothsayers, astrologers and other frauds to tell him the dream. He promised them rewards and great honor if they would show him the dream and the interpretation of it. They pled with the king to tell them the dream so they could give the interpretation. Nebuchadnezzar knew they were stalling for time. If they had the supernatural gift to interpret the dream, they also should be able to reveal to the king what he had dreamed. The king became very angry. He decreed that all of the so-called "wise men" would be slain. That meant Daniel would also be killed.

 

The prophet Daniel approached king Nebuchadnezzar to ask for time. He said he would reveal the dream and the interpretation. Daniel "went into his house, and made the thing known to Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah (better known to us by their Hebrew names-Shadrach, Meshach and Abed-nego), his companions; that they would desire the mercies of the God of heaven concerning this secret; that Daniel and his fellows should not perish with the rest of wise men of Babylon. Then was the secret revealed unto Daniel in a night vision. Then Daniel blessed the God of heaven. Daniel answered and said, Blessed be the name of God forever and ever: for his wisdom and his might ... I thank thee, and I praise thee, 0 thou God of my fathers, who has given me wisdom and might, and has made known unto me what we desired of thee: for thou hast made known unto me the king's matter" (Dan. 2:1-23).

 

Daniel did not take any credit for his knowledge of the king's dream. He explained to the king: "The secret that the king has demanded cannot the wise men, the astrologers, the magicians, the soothsayers, show unto the king. But there is a God in heaven who reveals secrets, and makes known unto king Nebuchadnezzar what shall be in the latter days" (Dan. 2:27-28). Before I outline the dream and the interpretation, it is in order for me to emphasize that modern psychics, astrologers and sorcerers have no greater knowledge than their counterparts in ancient Babylon. The Bible specifically and dogmatically condemns all of these frauds. The people who do these things are an abomination to the Lord (Dt. 18:9-14).

 

Nebuchadnezzar saw in his dream a great image. The image's head was composed of fine gold, his breast and his arms were of silver, his belly and thighs were made of brass, and his legs of iron, his feet part of iron and part of clay. "You saw till that a stone was cut out without hands, which smote the image upon his feet that were of iron and clay, and broke them in pieces. Then was the iron, the clay, the brass, the silver, and the gold, broken to pieces together, and became like the chaff of the summer threshing floors; and the wind carried them away, that no place was found for them: and the stone that smote the image became a great mountain, and filled the whole earth" (Dan. 2:31-35).

 

Daniel next provided the interpretation for the dream. He told king Nebuchadnezzar: "You, 0 king... are the head of gold.... After you shall arise another kingdom inferior to you; and another third kingdom of brass, which shall bear rule over all the earth. And the fourth kingdom shall be strong as iron: forasmuch as iron breaks in pieces and subdues all things: and as iron breaks all these, shall it break in pieces and bruise. And whereas you saw the feet and toes, part of potter's clay and part of iron, the kingdom shall be divided; but there shall be in it of the strength of iron, for as much as you saw the iron mixed with miry clay. And as the toes of the feet were part of iron, and part of clay, so the kingdom shall be partly strong and partly broken. And where as you saw iron mixed with miry clay, they shall mingle themselves with the seed of men: but they shall not cleave one to another, even as iron is not mixed with clay" (Dan. 2:37-43).

 

The Holy Spirit identified the head of gold - Nebuchadnezzar and the mighty Babylonian Empire. There is almost universal agreement among Bible scholars that the second kingdom was that of the Medes and the Persians. The third kingdom was that of Alexander the Great or the Macedonian or Grecian empire. The fourth and last earthly kingdom in Daniel's prophecy was the Roman Empire. After identifying the four kingdoms of Nebuchadnezzar's dream, the inspired prophet declared: "And in the days of these kings shall the God of heaven set up a kingdom, which shall never be destroyed: and the kingdom shall not be left to other people, but it shall break in pieces and consume all these kingdoms, and it shall stand forever" (Dan. 2:44).

 

When the prophet wrote, "in the days of these kings," what kings did he have in mind? Incidentally, Daniel has mentioned only one king - Nebuchadnezzar. But kingdoms imply kings. So he no doubt is speaking of the kings over those four kingdoms. In his outstanding commentary on The Prophecy of Daniel (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1949), the late Dr. Edward Young, one of America's greatest Hebrew scholars, quotes Dr. Oswald T. Allis's comments on the term, "these kings": "The words 'in the days of those kings' would refer most naturally to the four kingdoms or kings represented by the image. This interpretation is clearly involved in the symbolism of the image (verse 45) and is permissible because, while distinct, these four kingdoms were also in a sense one. Medo- Persia conquered and incorporated Babylon. Greece did the same to Medo-Persia. And while Rome never conquered all of Alexander's empire, she did conquer much of it and the extent of the Roman Empire was far greater and more worldwide than any of the others. It was while the image was still standing that the blow was struck. So we may say that was in the period of the four empires as together representing Gentile world dominion but in the days of the last of the four that the kingdom of the Messiah was set up" (p. 78).

 

The Roman Empire ruled the world when Jesus Christ was born. Luke reported that Caesar Augustus was the Roman emperor when Mary and Joseph went to Bethlehem to pay their taxes (Lk. 2:2-5). It was during the fifteenth years of the reign of Tiberius Caesar when John the Baptist prepared the way for the coming of the Messiah (Lk. 3:1-4). It was shortly after this that Jesus "began to preach, and to say, Repent: for the kingdom of God is at hand" (Mt. 4: 17). It ought to be obvious that the kingdom had not been established or Jesus would not have said, "the kingdom of God is at hand." Does "at hand" mean at least 2,000 years in the future, as many premillennialists teach? Paul told Timothy that his departure was at hand (2 Tim. 4:6). The term, "at hand," means near, in the immediate future. Do you remember what Jesus told his disciples? "Verily, I say unto you, That there be some of them who stand here, who shall not taste of death, till they have seen the kingdom of God come with power" (Mk. 9:1).

 

But when the Jews rejected the king, could God set up the kingdom? Did he not have to postpone the kingdom? Was God surprised when the Jews rejected Christ? Have our premillennial friends ever read Isaiah 53? Besides, time prophecies cannot be postponed. If the kingdom were not established during "the days of those kings," Daniel was a false prophet. Was Jesus wrong when he said the kingdom would come with power before some of his listeners would die? If the kingdom has not come, some of those listeners make Methuselah look like a child. The kingdom of God was established on the day of Pentecost.

 

It seems to me there are great difficulties premillennials face is failing to recognize that the kingdom of Daniel's prophecy is the church of Jesus Christ. Jesus told the Apostle Peter and the other apostles: "Blessed are you, Simon Bar-jona: for flesh and blood has not revealed this unto you, But my Father who is in heaven. And I say also unto you, That you are Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it. And I will give unto you the keys of the kingdom of heaven: and whatsoever you shall bind on earth shall be bound in heaven: and whatsoever you shall loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven" (Mt. 16:17-19). Did Jesus build one institution - the church - and give the apostles the keys to another institution - the kingdom?

 

The Apostle Paul wrote a letter to the church at Colosse. He thanked God the Father "who has made us qualified to be partakers of the inheritance of the saints in light: who has delivered (literally, rescued) us from the power of darkness, and has translated us into the kingdom of his dear Son" (Col. 1:12-13). Please remember that Paul wrote the letter to the church at Colosse. He then affirmed that God has "translated us into the kingdom of his dear Son." The tense of the verb "has translated" affirms that the translation or change has already occurred. If they had already been translated into the kingdom, does that not mean the kingdom had to be in existence? How can people be translated or transferred into a non-existent kingdom? The kingdom of God is in existence and every Christian is a citizen in that kingdom.

 

Let us return to Daniel's prophecy for the remainder of our time. The kingdom Daniel predicted would come "shall never be destroyed." If you have studied history, you know that earthly kingdoms come and go. All four of the kingdoms Daniel mentioned have "bit the dust," figuratively speaking. The pages of history are littered with the sad stories of past civilizations. But the kingdom of God - the church of the living God - will never be destroyed. There have been times when the church has been driven underground, but it has not died. The author of Hebrews told his readers: We should be thankful "for receiving a kingdom that cannot be moved" or shaken (Heb. 12:28). Were the author of Hebrews and his readers waiting for the kingdom or were they already in it?

 

According to Daniel, the kingdom of God will not be left to other people. The mighty Babylonian government was left to the Medes and the Persians. The Medo-Persian kingdom was left to the Alexander the Great and the Macedonian or Grecian empire. The Grecian empire was left to Rome. Eventually Rome went the way of all worldly kingdoms. The kingdom of God will always be in the hands of the people of God, the true Israel of God (Gal. 6:16).

 

The kingdom of God will "break in pieces and consume all these kingdoms." This does not mean that the kingdom of God or the church will use military might to break in pieces and consume earthly kingdoms. The church does not have and does not need military power. When a religious organization becomes involved in military conquests, it demonstrates conclusively that it does not have God's approval. Paul told the Corinthians: "For the weapons of our warfare are not carnal, but mighty through God to the pulling down of strongholds; casting down imaginations, and every high thing that exalts itself against the knowledge of God, bringing into captivity every thought to the obedience to Christ" (2 Cor. 10:4-5). Christians are not to use a carnal sword. We must use "the sword of the Spirit, which is the word of God" (Eph. 6:17).

 

The kingdom of God "shall stand forever." H. R. Trickett wrote the words and J. H. Filmore wrote the music to the song, "The Kingdoms of Earth Pass Away." Please listen to the words of this beautiful song. "The kingdoms of earth pass away one by one, but the kingdom of heaven remains; it is built on the rock and the Lord is in its King, and forever and ever he reigns. The tempest may rage, and its anger acclaim, Yea, the wind and the torrents may roar, and the strong gates of hell may assail it in vain, still the kingdom shall stand evermore. The kingdom of God is now open to all, even the vilest may now enter in; there's a welcome for all who will turn to the Lord, full salvation and pardon for sin."

 

The author of Hebrews provides wonderful insight into the existence and into the nature of the kingdom of God, the church of the living God. "You have come unto mount Zion, and the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to an innumerable company of angels, to the general assembly and church of the firstborn (literally, the church of the firstborn ones), and to God the Judge of all, and to the spirits of just men made perfect, and to Jesus the mediator of the new covenant, and to the blood of sprinkling, that speaks better things than that of Abel. See that you refuse not him who speaks. For if they escaped not who refused him who spoke on earth, much more shall not we escape, if we turn away from him who speaks from heaven: whose voice then shook the earth: but now he has promised, saying, Yet once more I shake not the earth only, but also heaven. And this word, Yet once more, signifies the removing of those things that are shaken, as of things that are made, that those things that cannot be shaken may remain. Wherefore we receiving a kingdom that cannot be moved, let us have grace, whereby we may serve God acceptably with reverence and godly fear: for our God is a consuming fire" (Heb. 12:22-29).

 

Nicodemus apparently was concerned about the kingdom Christ had come to establish. Jesus said to this ruler among the Jews: "Verily, verily, I say unto you, Except a man be born again (or from above), he cannot see the kingdom of God." Nicodemus did not understand what Jesus was teaching. So our Lord explained: "Except a man be born of the water and of the Spirit, he cannot enter into the kingdom of heaven" (John 3:3, 5). Was the Apostle Paul teaching the same truth when he told the Corinthians: "For by one Spirit are we all baptized into one body, whether we be Jews or Gentiles, whether we be bond or free; and have all been made to drink into one Spirit" (1 Cor. 12:13)? If you have not become a member of the Lord's kingdom, will you confess your faith in Christ and be baptized into the church today?

 

Winford Claiborne

The International Gospel Hour

P.O. Box 118

Fayetteville, TN 37334